How To Set Up A Budget With Inconsistent Income

A while back a wrote a pretty thorough article on how to make a budget, but it didn’t really answer the question of how to set up a budget when you don’t have a regular paycheck. Interestingly, I seem to get this question a lot.

The fact is, it is more difficult to set up a budget when you never know how much you are going to make each month – but it still can (and in my opinion) should definitely be done. I happen to think it is far more important for those with irregular income to set up a budget because of the quick damage that can be caused if you don’t.

I have heard stories from readers who really got themselves into a mess by having a few prosperous months and assuming that it would just stay that way. Then when things go back to “normal” they can’t adjust back to those “normal” spending levels.

How to set it up

1. Get the average of your last 12 months’ earnings

Add them up either in a spreadsheet or piece of paper. Once added, divide the total by 12 to get your average monthly earnings for the year. (If you have 24 months of data, you may consider using that)

This is the figure that if everything stays the same the next 12 months, you should be able to use to set up your budget. But, as we all know, things rarely stay the same and even if they did, you could have a few of the low months in a row that could make things quite challenging.

2. Multiply by 0.8 (or less)

So, for added protection and safety, I like to multiply the average monthly earnings by 0.8 (or less for more safety). As you can see in the example to the right, this would give you $772 as your number that you base your budget off of.

If after tweaking your budget and cutting your expenses like crazy, you still can’t live off of that amount, then you can multiply it by 0.9, but the higher you go, the higher the chance of things not working out.

3. Open a buffer savings account

This is an account that is going to function a little like an emergency fund, but it’s sole purpose is to store up the surplus earnings on good months, so that you can pay the bills on the bad months.

It can be a savings account or money market account, but it should be money that you can easily access and ideally it would be at the same bank you have your checking account – so you can make quick transfers between the accounts.

4. Try it out

Using out example above, we are going to live off of $772 each month. So assuming January is the same, we would have a $78 surplus ($850-$772) which we would then transfer to our surplus account. In February we would have a $428 surplus and in March a $278 surplus – which would give us $748 in our surplus account.

Then when April & May come around we would be able to handle those deficits ($374) just by pulling the funds from our surplus account.

The challenge

The hardest part of all this is being disciplined enough to sock the money into the surplus account and not using it to buy a new entertainment center. It is so easy to think that after a couple good months, it will always stay that way. But, as they say, the best time to put a new roof on your house is when it is sunny. It is a lot easier filling an account up with money after a good month, than after a bad month.

The flaw

And the truth is, while I think this is the best way to try to budget when you don’t have a regular paycheck, it is far from perfect. I mean in reality it is very unlikely that your earnings are going to be EXACTLY the same as they were 12 months ago. Sometimes things trend upwards or downwards over years. But, even though it isn’t perfect this is the best way that I know how to budget in situations like this.

This is just part of the price we pay for being self-employed, in sales, etc. Sometimes we make more, sometimes less, but personally I would choose the challenge of handling irregular income over a steady paycheck any day. It was easier budgeting with a regular paycheck, but I generally only got to see my income increase once a year by 5% (and then saw it go down by 100% when I got laid off). I like living on the edge a little more – don’t you?

More on setting up the budget

Since I wrote such a thorough article about creating and setting up a budget – you can just check that out for more detail. It will show you how to set up the budget after you figured out your income – which I guess what this article is really about.

I used a paper budget (like I mention in that article) for a while, but am now using Mvelopes (a budgeting software program) and I am really enjoying it. So if you are willing to pay for a budgeting tool, it might be worth checking out.

This article was originally published on May 26th, 2010.